Response of Morphological and Physiological Characters of Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) to Water Stress
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64570/agrivolution.v1i2.37Keywords:
Genotype, Pogostemon cablin Benth, Field CapacityAbstract
Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) is a plant that produces essential oils and contributes to Indonesia's foreign exchange. Patchouli plants are very sensitive to water stress and require water as the main ingredient in photosynthesis. This study aims to identify patchouli genotypes resistant to water stress and to determine interactions between patchouli genotypes and field capacity under water stress. The study was conducted at the Plantation Crop Cultivation Practice Garden and Plant Laboratory of Lampung State Polytechnic from October 2023 to March 2024. The method used was a randomized block design (RBD) with a factorial pattern consisting of two factors. Factor 1 is the patchouli genotype, namely G4 = Genotype 4, G5 = Genotype 5, G6 = Genotype 6, and G10 = Comparison clone. Factor 2 watering at field capacity K1 = 60% field capacity, K2 = 80% field capacity, K3 = 100% field capacity, and K4 = 120% field capacity. This study consisted of 16 treatment combinations, each repeated 3 times, for a total of 48 experimental units. The results showed that the patchouli plant genotype had a significant effect only on the observation variable, stover dry weight. Genotypes 4 and 5 were the genotypes that gave the best response to the observation variables of plant height, stem diameter, number of branches, plant water content, leaf area, specific leaf area, and wet weight of the stover. Field capacity had a significant effect on the observation variables, namely plant height, stem diameter, number of branches, leaf turgidity, plant water content, leaf area, specific leaf area, and stover wet weight. In the observation, plant height, number of branches, plant water content, leaf area, specific leaf area, and stover dry weight showed an interaction between the patchouli genotype and the given field capacity.
References
Adisarwanto, T. 2005. Budidaya Kedelai dengan Pemupukan yang Efektif dan Pengoptimalan Peran Bintil Akar. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya. Hal. 18-23.
Anjum, S.A., Xie, X., Wang, L, Saleem, M., Man, C., dan Lei, W. 2011. Morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of plants to drought stress. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 6(10): 5897.
Direktorat Jendral Perkebunan. 2022. Statistik Perkebunan Indonesia. Jakarta: Direktorat Jendral Perkebunan. 24 hal.
Dewansyah, B.A. dan Soetopo, L. 2018. Eksplorasi dan Identifikasi Cabai Rawit Lokal di Kabupaten Kediri, Nganjuk dan Jombang. Jurnal Produksi Tanaman 6(10): 2508-2514.
Farooq, M., Wahid, A., Kobayashi, N., Fujita, D., dan Basra, S.M.A. 2009. Plant drought stress: effects, mechanisms and management. Agronomy for Sustainable Development. 29: 185–212. https://doi.org/10.1051/agro:2008021
Gabesius, Y.O., Siregar, L.A.M., dan Husni, Y. 2012. Respon pertumbuhan dan produksi beberapa varietas kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) terhadap pemberian pupuk bokashi. Jurnal Agroekoteknologi 1(1): 220-236.
Gusmiatun, Suwignyo, R.A., Wijaya, A., dan Hasmeda, M. 2015. Peningkatan toleransi rendaman padi lokal rawa lebak dengan introgresi gen sub1. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (43): 99-104.
Haniva, Q. 2020. Uji Karakter Fisiologi dan Morfologi 10 Genotip Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.). Bandar Lampung: Politeknik Negeri Lampung. Skripsi.
Harnelly, E., Thomy, Z., Fathiya, N. 2018. Phylogenetic analysis of Dipterocarpaceae in Ketambe Research Station, Gunung Leuser National Park (Sumatra, Indonesia) based on rbcL and matK genes. Biodiversitas. 19(3): 1074-1080.
Jumin, H.B. 2002. Agroekologi Suatu Pendekatan Fisiologi. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.
Khaerana. 2007. Pengaruh cekaman kekeringan dan umur panen terhadap pertumbuhan dan kandungan xanthorrizol tanaman temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb). Bogor: Program Studi Agronomi Institut Pertanian Bogor. Tesis.
Khan, M.I.R., Asgher, M., Fatma, M., Per, T.S., dan Khan, N.A. 2015. Drought stress vis a vis plant functions in the era of climate change. Climate Change and Environmental Sustainability 3(1):13-25.
Kurniawan, A. dan Maulidah, N.I. 2026. PHYTOHORMONES: Regulator Pertumbuhan Tanaman. Malang: UB Press.
Nurmayanti, S., Tahir, M., dan Dianti, G.A.P. 2021. Variabilitas, Korelasi, dan Analisis Kelas Sepuluh Genotipe Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.). Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian 5(1): 81-88.
Osakabe, Y., Osakabe, K., Shinozaki, K., dan Tran, L.P. 2014. Response of plants to water stress. Front. Plant Sci. 5(86): 1–8.
Priyambudi, E. 2015. Pengaruh model penanaman dan aplikasi pupuk P dan K pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman stroberi (Fragaria sp.). Malang: Universitas Brawijaya. Disertasi.
Raderschall, C.A., Vico, G., Lundin, O., Taylor, A.R., dan Bommarco, R. 2021. Water stress and insect herbivory interactively reduce crop yield while the insect pollination benefit is conserved. Global Change Biology. 27: 71–83.
Sala, F., Dobrei, A., dan Herbei, M.V. 2021. Leaf Area Calculation Models for Vines Based on Foliar Descriptors. Plants. 10: 2453. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112453
Sopandie, D. 2013. Fisiologi adaptasi tanaman: terhadap cekaman abiotik pada agroekosistem tropika. Bogor: IPB Press. Available at: https://repository.ipb.ac.id/bitstream/handle/123456789/81229/Full Text Buku.pdf;jsessionid=80D3E989EC0B2C2070F424FA8C8E7AE3?sequence=4.
Swamy, M.K. dan Sinniah, U.R. 2015. A comprehensive review on the phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Pogostemon cablin Benth. an aromatic medicinal plant of industrial importance. Molecules 20(5): 8521-8547
Zhou, W., Chen, F., Meng, Y., Chandrasekarang, U., Luo, X., Yang, W., dan Shu, K. 2020. Plant Waterlogging/Flooding Stress Responses: From Seed Germinations To Maturation. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 148(2): 228-236.
Zlatev, Z. dan Lidon, F.C. 2012. An Overview on Drought Induced Changes in Plant Growth, Water Relation ad Phoyosynthesis. Emirates Journal Food an Agriculture 24(1): 57-72.
